Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is the most abundant and soluble protein of the neuronal cytoskeleton and is released during axonal injury. An increase of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum levels of NfL has been demonstrated in patients with several inflammatory and degenerative neurological disorders of the nervous system, in correlation with clinical and radiological activity.1 Several clinical reports showed that patients with COVID-19 suffer from neurological symptoms including non-specific manifestations as headache, hyposmia, dysgeusia and altered consciousness.2 To date, the pathogenesis of the aforementioned symptoms and the role of inflammatory factors in the context of this severe systemic condition have not been elucidated. Different possible mechanisms of neuronal damage have been hypothesised, including direct viral nervous system invasion through hematogenous dissemination or neuronal retrograde dissemination and indirect injury mediated by inflammatory processes due to the cytokine storm.2 The aim of this study was to explore the nervous system involvement in patients with COVID-19 by evaluating the presence of neurological symptoms and measuring serum NfL levels as biomarker of axonal damage...